9.1 Present Continuous Tense (ఇప్పుడు జరుగుతున్న పనులు)
ఇది ఈ క్షణంలో జరుగుతున్న చర్యలకు వాడతారు.
Rule: Subject + am/is/are + Verb + ing + Object
| Subject | Helping Verb | Verb + ing | Example |
|---|
| I | am | eating | I am eating an apple. |
| You | are | reading | You are reading a book. |
| He | is | sleeping | He is sleeping. |
| She | is | cooking | She is cooking. |
| We | are | playing | We are playing cricket. |
| They | are | going | They are going to school. |
Negative
Rule: Subject + am/is/are + not + Verb + ing
- I am not eating.
- She is not cooking.
- Short forms: I'm not, You aren't, He isn't, We aren't
Question
Rule: Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb + ing?
- Are you reading?
- Is she cooking?
9.2 Past Continuous Tense (గతంలో ఒక నిర్దిష్ట సమయంలో జరుగుతున్న పనులు)
ఇది గతంలో ఏదో ఒక సమయంలో జరుగుతున్న చర్యలకు వాడతారు.
Rule: Subject + was/were + Verb + ing + Object
| Subject | Helping Verb | Verb + ing | Example |
|---|
| I / He / She / It | was | eating | I was eating at 8 PM. |
| You / We / They | were | reading | We were reading at 10 AM. |
Negative & Question
- Negative: I was not sleeping.
- Question: Were you watching TV?
IMPORTANT USAGE: Past Continuous ను Past Simple తో కలిపి వాడతారు — "ఒక పని జరుగుతుండగా, మరోక పని జరిగింది."
I was eating when the phone rang.
9.3 Future Continuous Tense (భవిష్యత్తులో ఒక నిర్దిష్ట సమయంలో జరుగుతున్న పనులు)
ఇది భవిష్యత్తులో ఏదో ఒక సమయంలో జరుగుతున్న చర్యలకు వాడతారు.
Rule: Subject + will be + Verb + ing + Object
| Subject | Helping Verb | Verb + ing | Example |
|---|
| I / You / He / She / We / They | will be | working | I will be working at 9 AM. |
| She | will be | sleeping | She will be sleeping at 11 PM. |
Negative & Question
- Negative: I will not be working. (Short form: won't be working)
- Question: Will you be studying?
9.4 Three Continuous Tenses Compared
| Tense | Sentence | Meaning |
|---|
| Present Continuous | I am eating an apple. | నేను ఇప్పుడు ఆపిల్ తింటున్నాను. |
| Past Continuous | I was eating an apple. | నేను ఆ సమయంలో ఆపిల్ తింటున్నాను. |
| Future Continuous | I will be eating an apple. | నేను ఆ సమయానికి ఆపిల్ తింటున్నాను. |
9.5 'Stative Verbs' — Continuous లో రాని క్రియలు
కొన్ని క్రియలు భావోద్వేగాలు, అభిప్రాయాలు, యాజమాన్యం వంటి వాటికి సంబంధించినవి — అవి Continuous లో రావు. వాటిని Simple Tenses లో మాత్రమే వాడాలి.
| Stative Verb | Meaning | Correct Form (వాడాల్సినది) | Wrong Form (వాడకూడదు) |
|---|
| like | ఇష్టం | I like coffee. | I am liking coffee. |
| love | ప్రేమించు | She loves her mother. | She is loving her mother. |
| hate | ద్వేషించు | He hates tea. | He is hating tea. |
| want | కావాలి | I want a pen. | I am wanting a pen. |
| need | అవసరం | We need water. | We are needing water. |
| know | తెలుసు | I know the answer. | I am knowing the answer. |
| believe | నమ్ము | I believe you. | I am believing you. |
| have (ownership) | కలిగి ఉండు | I have a car. | I am having a car. |
EXCEPTION: 'Have' అంటే "తిను" లేదా "త్రాగు" అని అర్థం అయితే Continuous వస్తుంది:
I am having breakfast.
9.6 Practical Dialogue (సంభాషణ)
కింది సంభాషణను బిగ్గరగా చదవండి. ఇందులో మూడు Continuous Tenses ఉన్నాయి:
- Rahul: Hi, Priya! What are you doing right now?
- Priya: I am watching a movie. It's very interesting.
- Rahul: Oh, that's nice. What were you doing at 8 PM yesterday?
- Priya: I was having dinner with my family.
- Rahul: What about tomorrow at 10 AM? What will you be doing?
- Priya: I will be attending a meeting. I won't be free.
- Rahul: Okay. I will call you later. Are you free now?
- Priya: Yes, I am. I am not busy now.
- Rahul: Great! I am coming to your house.
- Priya: Wait, I am not at home. I am at the library.
9.7 Common Mistakes (తరచుగా చేసే తప్పులు)
| Mistake (తప్పు) | Correct (సరైనది) | Explanation |
|---|
| "I am liking this movie." | "I like this movie." | 'Like' Stative Verb — Continuous రాదు. |
| "She is go to school." | "She is going to school." | 'Is' తర్వాత Verb+ing ఉండాలి. |
| "I was eat at 8 PM." | "I was eating at 8 PM." | Past Continuous లో Verb+ing ఉండాలి. |
| "He will working tomorrow." | "He will be working tomorrow." | 'Will' తర్వాత 'be' అవసరం. |
| "What are you do?" | "What are you doing?" | Continuous లో Verb+ing ఉండాలి. |
Chapter 9 Quiz
1. "I ___ eating an apple." (Present Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. was
2. "She ___ reading a book." (Present Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. were
3. "We ___ playing cricket." (Present Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. was
4. "He ___ not sleeping." (Present Continuous Negative) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. am
B. are
C. is
D. were
5. "I ___ cooking at 8 PM yesterday." (Past Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. was
B. were
C. am
D. is
6. "They ___ watching TV at 10 AM." (Past Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
7. "I ___ eating when the phone rang." (Past Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. was
B. were
C. am
D. is
8. "I ___ be working tomorrow at 9 AM." (Future Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. am
B. was
C. will
D. is
9. "I ___ coffee." (నాకు కాఫీ ఇష్టం — Stative Verb) — ఏది సరైనది?
A. am liking
B. am like
C. liked
D. like
10. "Will she ___ studying at 6 PM?" (Future Continuous) — ఖాళీలో సరైన పదం ఏది?
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. be